•.Ti. 1293. WAB B2TWIS5 ENGLAND AND NOBMANDY. 495 diet, died this year, without being bewailed by the monks. In this year, the king exacted as a tax due to the lord the king, for the purpose of relieving the Holy Land, a fifteenth part of all their property, whether spiritual or temporal, from both clergy and laity ; and this impost was granted and punctually paid. About this time, too, another tenth was exacted, together with the tenth already assigned to him, from the goods of the clergy, for six years by the Roman court. Rhesus, the son of Meredith, the most powerful of the Welch chieftains, who had originally been a most loyal subject of the king of England, but who was afterwards his most cruel persecutor, and who had for a kmc time been lying bid in the mountains and caves of Wales, being taken prisoner by the king's loyal subjects, was brought to Berwick, on the borders of Scotland, and there punished according to his demerits, for he received the double punishment of a traitor and a robber, and so he was dragged at the tails of horses, and then put to death by hanging. In these days, too, a certain noble, by name John Balliol, by consent of the king of England, assumed, by a formal decree, the privileges and the crown of the kingdom of Scotland, on condition of himself and his successors swearing fealty, and doing liege homage to the king of England. This year, the lord Richard Burnel, of pious memory, bishop of Bath and Wells, and chancellor of England, died ; and he was succeeded by Master William de Marche, die king's treasurer of the exchequer at Westminster, after the death of John de Kirkby, bishop of Ely. CH. XXIII.—FBOM A.D. 1293 το A.D. 1295. War between England and Normandy—The king of England is summoned to France—Ambassadors arrive in England from the king of Arragon—Edward again marches into Wales—Modoc is imprisoned in the Tower of London—The Scots make a treaty with the king of France—War between France and England. Normans and Englishfight at sea, God gives the right the victory. A.B. 1293. A great dissension arose between the English and the Normans, for the natives of the sea-coast of Normandy, in the violence of their rage or ignorance, slew some