A.D. 1194. COMPLAINTS AGAINST THE AECHBISHOP OF ΤΟΒΚ. 317 against the fealty which he had sworn to him, had taken possession of his castles, laid waste his lands on both sides of the sea, and had made a treaty against him with his enemy, the king of France. In like manner, against Hugh de Hunant, bishop of Coventry, he demanded judgment to be pronounced, who, being aware" of their secret plans, had devoted himself, and had given his adherence to the king of France and earl John, his enemies, devising all kinds of mischief to the injury of his kingdom. Judgment was accordingly given, that earl' John and the bishop of Coventry should be peremptorily cited, and if they should not come within forty days to take their trial, they pronounced that earl John had forfeited all rights in the kingdom, and that the bishop of Coventry would be subjected to the judgment of the bishops, because he himself was a bishop, and of the laity, because he had been a sheriff under the king. On the calends of April, being the first day of that month, the said king of England held the third day of his council, on which he enacted that there should be granted to him, out of every carucate of land throughout the whole of England, the sum of two shillings, which, by the ancients, was called Temantale.12 He then commanded that every man should render to him the third part of a knight's service, according as each fee would bear, in order to make preparations for crossing over with him to Normandy He then demanded of the monks of the Cistercian order all their wool for the current year ; but as this was to inflict a grievous and insupportable burden upon them, they made a pecuniary composition with him. On the second day of the month of April, being Saturday, he held the fourth and last day of his council, upon which all, both clergy as well as laity, who wished to make complaint to him of the archbishop of York, made their complaints, which were many in number, as to his extortions and unjust exac tions ; the archbishop of York, however, gave them no answer. After this, by the advice and artifices of the chancellor, as it is said, Gerard de Camville was arraigned for harbouring some robbers, who had plundered the goods of certain merchants 1 1 " Conscium " appears to be a mistake for " conscius," 1 3 Holinshed calls this " Tee men toll," or " Theynae toll." There is some doubt as to the origin of the name, whether it is derived from " tene mentum," or, more probably, from the Saxon, meaning " a toll paid by ten men," or " decenniers," the whole of which would amount to a pound.— See vol. i. p. 550.